Me pēhea te whakauru i te Kaipara Gluten Kōkihi 60% ki te Kai Kararehe mō te Nutrihau Mutunga?

Ko te mētārau maisara 60% he ingoa matua i te kai whai pūkenga mō ngā kararehe, e mōhiotia ana mō tōna nui o te rōtiwha me tōna uaua ki te paripari. I mahi tahi ahau ki ētahi nuinga pahua kai, ki ngā tari kararehe hoki i ngā tau, kua kite ahau i te aha rawa pea te hua o tēnei hua mō te tipu o ngā kararehe ina whakamahia tika ai. Engari kua kite hoki ahau i ētahi nuinga take i te wero ai te whakauru pakaru—arā, kāore i te rōtiwha ka paripari, i te wehenga ai hoki ngā kararehe i te kai nā te kore ai o te reka. Ko te kupu arataki kia tino whai hua ai ko te arataki mō te whakauru mātau e ū ana ki ngā hiahia a ia kararehe.

Anua, me mārama koe ki te aha pea e tū ake ai te kai paraoa maisara 60%. E kī ana tēnei ki te pūtini tuarangi (e 60% rānei), ngā amino haurangi taketake pērā i te lysine, methionine, ā, he iti noa ngā paraihe, nō reira ka māmahi tino pai mō ngā manu, poaka, kararehe koiora, me ngā kararehe wai. I taku mātauranga mai i te āwhina i tētahi pāmu manu nui kia whakarerekē i tōna tauira kai, i kite au ko te maha o ngā kaiwhilamahi e wareware ana ki te taurite o ngā amino haurangi. Arataki atu i ētahi atu pūtake pūtau puawhenua, e tuku ana te kai paraoa maisara i tētahi papahiko amino haurangi tōpito e hāngai ana ki ngā kai hiko pērā i te maisara, wheiti. E ai ki ngā tohunga mai i te International Society of Animal Nutrition, ko te pūtini tikangia tino maunga o te kai paraoa maisara aronga atu kia taea te whakakapi i ngā pūtini kiko kuri anuanu pērā i te kai parāoa ika, ina kaua e pakaru te punaha kai, ka iti ake ngā utu kai. Heoi anō, me mārama kei te iti ake ia i te tryptophan, nō reira me hiahiatia ngā matū katoa hei taurite kai.

Kāore tahi rahi e āwhina ana i te mea e hāngai ana ki te whakauru kōtare purehua. Mō ngā kaukau e tipu ana, ko te tāpiri i te 15% ki te 20% o te kōtare purehua ki te kai e hāngai ai ki te whanaketanga o ngā pūpahi me te taupua kai. I tētahi wā i whakaaturia e ahau ki tētahi pā hūrei iti kia huri iho i tō rātou ōwehenga mai i te 10% ki te 18%, ā, i roto i ngā rua marama, i piki ake te tāpono kaukau o rātou 12% i te wa e heke haere ana te kai i te 8%. Mō ngā poaka e matomato ana, ko te ōwehenga tika ko te 12% ki te 16% nā te mea ka āwhina ia ki te hānganga kiko māmā me te heke i te hui oru. Ka taea e ngā kararehe rīmeti pērā i ngā kau me ngā hipi te tautoko i ngā tikanga nui ake—20% ki te 25% i rō to rātou kai kōpae—ingoa noa i tō rātou pūnaha parurenga motuhake. Ka pai haere ngā kararehe wai pērā i ngā ika me ngā kōura me te 18% ki te 22% o te kōtare purehua i rō to rātou kai, nā te mea ka pakari ake te pā ki ngā mate me te whanaketanga pai. Ko te Rōpū Kai Wai o te Ao e pā ana ki te nuinga o te āwhina i te ōwehenga e hāngai ana ki ngā wā o te tipu; e hiahiatia ana e ngā kararehe kurīroa ngā rongoā proteiniti nui ake, nō reira me piki ake te ōwehenga o te kōtare purehua.

Kei te pai te mahi a te mīhini karuwhā kōkihi ina tūhono ana ki ngā hua e tika ana. Kei te tino pai tana whakawhitinga me ngā kai uara pūnga, pērā i te kōkihi me te rēpaere, i waho i ngā huinga minerai pērā i te phasfata dicalcium me te phasfata monocalcium, e āwhina ana i te taurite o te calcium me te phosphorus. Hei tauira, ko te whakawhitinga i te mīhini karuwhā kōkihi me te pūrau karuwhā rīwai e waihangahia ana he pūngao karuwhā nui ake e amaltia ana i ngā amino acid e hiahiatia ana katoa. I āwhina ahau i tētahi tohunga kai i te whanaketanga o tō rātou tauākī mā te whakawhiti i te 14% mīhini karuwhā kōkihi me te 10% pūrau karuwhā rīwai, ka puta ai te whanaketanga o te waiū i ngā kau waiū. Me whakaiti te whakawhitinga me ngā hua kai hikoikoi te nui pērā i te tāpae rānei te mīhini alfalfa, nā te mea ka iti ake te kiko katoa. E whakaatu ana te Rōpū Rangahau Kai Mātai Kai Mātai hoki me kore e nui ake i te 8% te hikoikoi katoa i roto i te kai ina whakamahia te mīhini karuwhā kōkihi kia pai ai te kiko katoa.

Ko te ara e huinga ai koe i te kōpara ngohe kukuru ki te kai ka whai pānga ki tana whaihua. Me mātua wakapīngia tātou ngā huinga ki te rahi rite (kei te 40 mesh) kia ū ā-rite te wehenga. Kua kitea e au he tauira i reira i huinga mai ai te kōpara ngohe kukuru kāore i pakaru, ka aronga ai ki te kai kāore i ū ā-rite me te nekeneke haere ai te tipu o ētahi kararehe. E tūtohu ana kia whakamahia he kōrere poutū me te wā huinga e 15 ki te 20 meneti, kia whai māna te kōpara ngohe kukuru kia huinga tonu ki ngā huinga atu. He mea anō hoki te wero me te pouri – me huinga i te taiao maroke (kei raro ake i te 60% te pouri tōpū) kia kaua ai e pēra ngā takotoranga me te mate haepapa o ngā punaha. I muri i te huinga, me whakaputaputa te kai ki ngā pouaka kīato kia noho hōhonu. I tētahi pā werewere nui i mahi tahi ai ahau i whekenga ai te whaihua o te kai nā te huinga kihai i tika; i muri i te huri ki tētahi kōrere matua me te arataki i ngā tikanga tukatuka tūtohu, kua pai ake te taurate huinga kai umanga e te 10%.

Kia tūtohu ai te whai mātauranga pai, me arotake tonu i te mahi o ngā kararehe i muri i te kōkirikiri i te kai paraihe hea kua riro i te kaipuke. Mataara ngā āhuatanga pērā i te kai katoa, te whakapau pātene, te hua o ngā hēki, me te putanga mate. Hei tauira, mēnā e kitea ana he iti ake te kounga o te takotoranga o ngā hēki, e tohu ana pea ko te paku o te calcium, te paku o te phosphorus—e hāngai ana te whakarerekenga i te ōwehenga o te kaipuke me ngā huinga minera. Ko te whakamātau i ngā tauira kai mō te ihirangi o te mātauranga hei awhina i te tūponotanga; me whakauru kia noho roa te ihirangi o te protein ki roto i te 1% o te uara matua. I mahi ahau ki tētahi tūāpapa aquaculture i kitea ai te tipitipi haere o te tipitipi i te nuinga i te whakamahi i te kaipuke. I muri i te whakamātau, i kitea e 3% te iti ake i te mōhio o te protein i te kai i te aronga hē i te wero. Mā te whakarerekenga anō i te kīrea me te whakarerekenga i te ōwehenga, ka piki ake te tere tipitipi o te ika umanga 15% i roto i tētahi marama. E whakaatu ana ngā tohunga mātauranga kararehe kia whai arotake marama kia whakapai ake i te tauira kai mō ngā hua muarangi.

Hei whakamutunga, ko te waihanga i te kai kukama 60% ki te kai kararehe mō te punaha hauora me te mātauranga e pā ana ki ana āhuatanga punaha hauora, te whakarerekenga i ngā ōwea ki ngā kararehe rereke, te whakatinana i te tukutuku o ngā kaiwaihanga, te whai mātauranga i ngā tikanga waihanga, me te arotake i ngā pānga. Ina whakamahia tika, kāore anō pea te kai kukama e hāpai ana i te tipu me te hauora o ngā kararehe engari e heke hoki i te utu kai, ka whai painga whanaketanga nui mō ngā kaitiaki kararehe me ngā kaihanga kai. He kaiwhaiwhai tūturu me te utu iti, e taea ana te whakapakari i te mahi katoa o te tiaki kararehe mā te whakamahi pūtaiao.